Definition of constipation in adults
Normal bowel habits may vary from as many as three bowel movements a day to as few as one every three days.1
Constipation is defined as a decrease in stool frequency (less than 3 bowel movements per week) and is associated with difficult evacuation or emptying of your bowels.1,2
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder, it is a symptom, not a disease.1,3
Whilst constipation itself is not a life-threatening condition and it can be managed at primary healthcare level, it is associated with a negative impact on your quality of life.1
Occasional constipation is usually due to a change in daily habits and lifestyle (travel, dietary changes, lack of physical activity), advanced age, poor food intake with low dietary fibre, poor fluid intake or from withholding / ignoring a bowel movement.1,2,3
What you may feel in a case of occasional constipation
Constipation may result in:1,3,4
- Infrequent stools
- Feeling of incomplete expulsion of the stool
- Straining and difficulty with stool evacuation
- Abdominal pain
- Bloating
- Cramps
- Hard stools
- Pain during defaecation
Constipation in numbers
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Constipation in adults affects twice as many women as men.4 Constipation is also common during pregnancy.4
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The prevalence of constipation is estimated to be about 20 % in the general population.1
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The South African Gastroenterology Society (SAGES) reports that older adults are five times more likely to report problems with constipation. Constipation increases with age.3
References:
1: Sibanda M, Meyer JC, et al. Chronic constipation in adults. S Afr Pharm J. 2018;85(1):34-42.
2: Chassagne P, Ducrotte P, et al. Tolerance and Long-Term Efficacy of Polyethylene Glycol 4000 (FORLAX®) Compared to Lactulose in Elderly Patients with Chronic Constipation. J Nutr Health Aging 2017;21(4):429-439.
3: South African Gastroenterology Society (SAGES). Constipation. [Internet]. Available from: https://www.sages.co.za/patients/constipation (Accessed 18 October 2018).
4: NHS inform. Constipation. [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/constipation (Accessed 6 October 2018).